關(guān)于如何確定石英晶振中峰與峰之間的抖動(dòng),Cardinal晶振已確定精確測(cè)量晶體振蕩器的抖動(dòng)，在OR處低于1皮秒，這是目前唯一的方法,可用于測(cè)量石英晶振相位噪聲并計(jì)算有效值抖動(dòng)。請(qǐng)參閱我們的應(yīng)用說(shuō)明“晶體振蕩器用于低抖動(dòng)應(yīng)用“的完整解釋。測(cè)量晶體振蕩器的相位噪聲，我們使用雙源方法。這導(dǎo)致單個(gè)1Hz帶寬內(nèi)相位的邊帶測(cè)量在特定偏移頻率范圍內(nèi)。單邊帶相位噪聲結(jié)果為在指定的頻率帶上積分，通常為10Hz至1MHz或12kHz至20MHz，具體取決于應(yīng)用程序。SONET要求帶寬為12kHz至20MHz。此頻域集成相位噪聲（以dBc/Hz為單位）然后轉(zhuǎn)換為時(shí)間,RMS抖動(dòng)（以皮秒為單位）。
在Cardinal晶振的非PLL振蕩器中，RMS抖動(dòng)具有隨機(jī)高斯分布，因?yàn)闆](méi)有使用鎖相環(huán)路。這個(gè)結(jié)果在缺乏離散雜散和多模態(tài)的情況下非高斯分布。因此，很少或沒(méi)有由低噪聲供電時(shí)的確定性抖動(dòng)電源。當(dāng)抖動(dòng)具有高斯時(shí)響應(yīng)，RMS抖動(dòng)是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差或一個(gè)西格瑪值。
基本組件中使用的石英晶體振蕩器具有非常高的Q值。加載的Q的振蕩器諧振器環(huán)路在10，000到超過(guò)100，000。當(dāng)振蕩器級(jí)產(chǎn)生信號(hào)，頻率可以駐留在振蕩帶寬。但是，對(duì)于高Q諧振器實(shí)現(xiàn)窄振蕩帶寬、振蕩器可以制造出非常低的抖動(dòng)。
基數(shù)抖動(dòng)的高斯分布組件振蕩器，周期的平均值位于高斯曲線的中心。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差（1西格瑪）定義為包含發(fā)生的總振蕩的68.26%。這窗口放置在均值的一側(cè)。1西格瑪（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差）值是振蕩器輸出信號(hào)。作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的數(shù)量偏離均值增加，幾率振蕩器產(chǎn)生該周期偏差的信號(hào)大大減少。在14.069西格瑪時(shí)，概率為1：1012.光纖通道規(guī)格要求14西格瑪可靠性。
Cardinal晶振確定峰到峰（Pk到Pk）值取決于關(guān)于所需的可靠性。可靠性越高,Pk到Pk值越大，即使發(fā)生概率隨著更高的西格瑪值。在14西格瑪時(shí)，概率接近1：1012.這被認(rèn)為是我們用來(lái)確定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)RMS抖動(dòng)值的Pk到Pk抖動(dòng)。如果組件振蕩器具有2皮秒RMS抖動(dòng)，Pk到Pk抖動(dòng)為28皮秒。

制造商零件編號(hào)	制造商	系列	頻率	頻率穩(wěn)定性	頻率容差	負(fù)載電容
CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-12.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM4	12 MHz	±30ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C3-40-14.7456D20	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	14.7456 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	20pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-100-5.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	5 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C5-40-14.7456D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	14.7456 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A2B2C3-40-30.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	30 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM4Z-A2B3C3-60-6.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM4	6 MHz	±30ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CX325Z-A5B2C5-50-20.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX325	20 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-10.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM4	10 MHz	±30ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-29.49152D18-F	Cardinal晶振	CSM4	29.49152 MHz	±30ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-15.360D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	15.36 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-16.257D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	16.257 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C5-40-11.0592D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	11.0592 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-18.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	18 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C3-120-6.144D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	6.144 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-80-13.5D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	13.5 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C3-40-14.31818D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	14.31818 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-22.1184D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	22.1184 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-150-4.9152D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	4.915 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C5-150-3.6864D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	3.6864 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-100-7.3728D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	7.3728 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-25.175D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	25.175 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-28.63636D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	28.63636 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C3-60-9.216D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	9.216 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C3-120-6.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	6 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-26.0D18-F	Cardinal晶振	CSM4	26 MHz	±30ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-24.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	24 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-80-10.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	10 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C3-40-12.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	12 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1-A1B2C3-50-20.0D16	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	20 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	16pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-100-6.144D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	6.144 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A1B2C3-90-8.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	8 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-80-12.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	12 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM4Z-A2B3C3-180-4.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM4	4 MHz	±30ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C5-60-8.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	8 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C3-60-8.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	8 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C5-60-24.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	24 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A5B2C5-50-20.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	20 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CSM4Z-A2B3C3-60-8.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM4	8 MHz	±30ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-25.0D18-F	Cardinal晶振	CSM4	25 MHz	±30ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CX5Z-A5B2C5-40-24.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX5	24 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX5Z-A1B2C5-40-24.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX5	24 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX5Z-A5B2C5-50-16.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX5	16 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX5Z-A5B2C5-40-27.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX5	27 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX5Z-A0B2C5-50-16.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX5	16 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX5Z-A2B2C5-40-10.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX5	10 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-1966080D18	Cardinal晶振	CX532	19.6608 MHz	±30ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-33.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX532	33 MHz	±30ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX532Z-A5B3C5-70-27.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX532	27 MHz	±30ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX532AZ-A5B2C5-70-25.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX532	25 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-27.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX532	27 MHz	±30ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-30.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX532	30 MHz	±30ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CPFBZ-A2C4-32.768KD6	Cardinal晶振	CPFB	32.768 kHz	-	±10ppm	6pF
CPFBZ-A2C5-32.768KD12.5	Cardinal晶振	CPFB	32.768 kHz	-	±20ppm	12.5pF
CPFBZ-A2C4-32.768KD12.5	Cardinal晶振	CPFB	32.768 kHz	-	±10ppm	12.5pF
CPFBZ-A2C5-32.768KD6	Cardinal晶振	CPFB	32.768 kHz	-	±20ppm	6pF
CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-8.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX532	8 MHz	±30ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-16.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX532	16 MHz	±30ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-12.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX532	12 MHz	±30ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX5Z-ARB2C5-70-7.3728D18	Cardinal晶振	CX5	7.3728 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CX5Z-A2B2C5-70-8.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CX5	8 MHz	±50ppm	±20ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-70-14.7456D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	14.7456 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-16.000312D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	16.000312 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-16.0D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	16 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-17.734475D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	17.734475 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1Z-A0B2C3-80-11.0592D18	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	11.0592 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	18pF
CSM1-A1B2C3-70-14.7456D20	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	14.7456 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	20pF
CSM1Z-A1B2C3-200-3.6864D20	Cardinal晶振	CSM1	3.6864 MHz	±50ppm	±30ppm	20pF